The trust also concluded that the rise in contributions required of those paying the surcharge has also impacted figures.10 years ago, migrants paid £200 per year into the IHS, but the cost climbed to £1,035 in 2024, in line with the Department of Health’s estimates on how much they use the NHS.The think tank estimates that those paying the fee are being charged 60 per cent more than they should be compared with what they use.The Nuffield Trust report argued that IHS income has become a “significant source of annual funding uplifts received by the service”, which have averaged 2.6 per cent in real-terms growth to the NHS budget in England.